Edwaed davies



(Model.)

E. DAVIES. v Injeetot` for Steam Engines. No. 240,101.

Patented April 12,1881.

Y le Mbidwm N, v .n fe v w U Whm me @ritten STATES PATENT Ormea,

EDWARD DAVIES, OF LLANDINAM, COUNTY OF MONTGOMERY, GREAT BRITAIN.

INJECTOR FOR STEAM-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 240,101, dated April 12, 1881.

Application tiled December 2S, 1880. (Model.) Patented in England January 24, 1880, in France May 19, 1880, in Belgium May 21, 1880, and in Italy June 21, 1880.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD DAVIES, a citizen of Great Britain, residing at Llandinam, in the county of Montgomery, Great Britain,

` 5 have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Injectors for Steam-Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it :o appertains to make and use the same,refere`nce 2o combination with the injector, as and for the purposes hereinafter fully set forth; second, in the peculiar construction of a two-part combining-cone, whereby said cone is adapted to contract or expand automatically, as and for 2 5 the purposes hereinafter fully described third,

in the peculiar construction of said combiningcone, and in combination therewith of a discharging-cone adjustably connected with said combining-cone, as and for the purposes hereinafter fully specified; fourth,in the combination, with an injector adapted to be worked by exhaust-steam and an auxiliaryv injector adapted to be worked by live steam, of a valve interposed between the two, substantially as and for the purposes hereinafter described; fifth,

in the combination, with each other, of the above-recited parts, and with a steam-cone and water-passage of an injector and an auxiliary injector, and their peculiar construction and 4o arrangement, substantially as and for the purposes hereinafter fully described, and all as shown in the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which- Figure I is a longitudinal transverse section of my improved injector. Figs. 2, 3, 4,

' and 5 are sections on lines w 100? a', y y, and

z z of Fi. l, respectively. Fig. 6 is a section of partV of the injector and auxiliary injector, showing their connection without the inter- 5o posed valve..

The injector constructed according to my present invention is intended to be worked more particularly by the exhaust-steam discharged from high-pressure steam-engines, and though I prefer to work the injector by exhaust-steam, this is not imperative, as it may be worked equally well and with like good results by live steam taken direct from the boiler, or it may be worked by exhaust-steam when the engine 4is working and by live steam direct from the boiler when the engine is networking. When working with exhaust-steam of about atmospheric pressure I have found that the injector will inject iluids against a resistance of froml seventy to eighty pounds per square inch, and 'when it is to be worked 'against higher pressure I work the injector by exhaust-steam and the auxiliary injector by live steam direct from the boiler, and I have found that but a comparatively small amount of live steam is required, and as the live steam in the auxiliary injector is acting on the exterior of the jet, a two-part combining-cone is not required.

I find, after many experiments, that the combination of the auxiliary injector with the injector under any circumstances, but more especially when working against high pressures, gives far better results than is the case when the injector alone is employed. The auxiliary injector is, like the injector, provided with an overiiow for the fluid to start the apparatus, which overflow is also sealed when the injector is started.

In the above-recited figures of drawings like letters of reference are employed to indicate like parts wherever such may occur.

A represents the injector-casing,made of the metal usually employed or of any preferred metal, provided with llanges A for connecting it with the exhaust-pipe of a steam-engine or other steam -supply, with lianges A2 for connecting it with thewater supply pipe, and flanges A3 for connecting it with the boiler-pipe or with an auxiliary injector to transmit the liuid from the former to the latter.

B is the steam-cone, secured to theinlet-orice of the casing,'and is provided with a disk, b, provided with the necessary passages, through which the steam passes to the cone B. The

IOC

disk carries the usual spindle G, which I prefer to employ, though this is not absolutely necessary with this construction of injector.

lt is not essential, in supplying exhauststeam for working myimproved apparatus, to modify the outlet from the blast-pipe, especially in locomotive or other engines where the exhaust-steam is used to create a draft for the boiler-furnace, or to use any special reservoir for exhaust-steam so long as it is conveyed from the side of the ordinary blast-pipe by means of a pipe of sufficient capacitysay of about three inches interior diameter for en- .gines of the power of ordinary locomotives,

and for others in proportion. When the apparatus is arranged to be worked by either exhaust or live steam the pipe supplying the exhaust-steam is provided with a valve to shut off the exhaust-steam when live steam is used; and, if desired, the exhaust and live steam supply pipes may be so arranged as to deliver the steam through the same cock, so that when the one is shut otf the other is turned on.

D is the combining-cone, adjustable longitudinally of the injectorcasing by means of a Wrist-pin, a', on the face of, a short shaft, a, or on the face of a disk on the-end of said shaft, which revolves steam-tight in a suitable packing-box, a2, formed on or attached to the casing A, said shaft carrying upon its outer end a hand-wheel, a3, having graduations on its fafe to indicate, by the aid of the pointer a, secured to easing A, the extent of adjustment of the combining-cone-that is to say, the distance the combining cone has been moved to or from spindle, and consequently the increase or decrease of the water area within said cone. The combining-cone D is formed of two sections, d d', the latter being hinged to the former at d2, as shown, and is free to be moved laterally to and from the section d by the pressure of the steam or the pressure of the combined steam and water passing through it when the injector is started or after beginning to work, the weight of section d causing it to fall back toward or upon section cl as the pressure diminishes, thus acting automatically to expand or contract its interior diameter, as occasion requires.

Instead of acting by gravity, the section d may be made to act by spring-pressure, the spring shown in dotted lines', Fig. l, being applied at any suitable point Within the chamber A4, formed in the casing A by the combining and discharging'cones.

The larger end of the combining-cone D is made to it steam-tight Within the casing A, Without impeding thereby the movements of said cone necessary to its adjustment longitudinally for the purpose of increasing or decreasing the area for water. The smaller end of the section d is provided With projections d3, that fit over the like end ot' the section d, as shown in Fig. 2, and serve as guides for said section d to guide its movements when displaced by the pressure of the steam or combined steam and Water passing through the cone, and insure the maintenance of their proper relative positions by preventing all lateral movement of said section d. The casing A is provided on its inner face with a projection, d4, that serves to limit the extent of lateral motion of the movable cone-section from the stationary section. The small end of the stationary section d has a laterally-projecting arm or angular bracket terminating in a threaded sleeve, d5. To this sleeve is secured a receiving-cone, O, screw-threaded exteriorly at one end, to adapt it for adjustment toward and from the combining-cone D, the unthreaded or smooth opposite end of said receiving-cone fitting steam-tight intoA the upper end of the discharging-cone proper E, which is thus composed of two sections or parts adjusted within each other. When the receiving-cone is once adjusted relatively to the combining-cone the latter may be adjusted relatively to the spindle and the discharging-cone E without destroying the former adjustment, -which is of great advantage, as with the usual construction of injector, when the combining-cone is adjusted relatively to the spindle to increase or decrease the water-area, the space between the combining and receiving cones is correspondingly increased or decreased. Vherc no provisions exist for adjustment of said receiving-cone this contraction or enlargement of the space between the cones interferes materially with the Working of the injector, and where there are such provisions a separate adjustment of the receiving-cone is indispensable.

In constructing the sectional cone the adjacent or bearing surfaces are first planed or finished perfectly true, when the sections are clamped together and the cone bored out or formed internally. A bush or tube,f, secure'd to the casing A, forms a guide for the spindle of a valve, F, Which serves to prevent the return of the tluid ejected from the injector.

It is of great importance to the good operation of the injector that the chamber A4 of the casing A, that contains the combining, receiving, and discharging cones, should be perfectly air-tight, and this may be effected in various Ways, either by a flap-valve, g, Fig. 3, opening to the atmosphere and raised from its seat by the pressure of the Water in the overflow-branch G, or said branch may be extended upward and provided with a partition, g', to contract the overflow-area and to retain a suicient quantityof water to seal it. Either of the two may be employed with satisfactory results, yet I have found that when the valve or the Waterluting are employed air Will enter the chamber A4 and cause a leakage at the joints of the cone sections, which materially affects the working of the injector, and for this reason I prefer to employ both the Hap-valve and Waterseal, as shown in Fig. 3. When the steam is admitted to start the injector the ilap-valve'g opens, and as soon asa vacuum is formed said IOO ITO

flap is closed by atmospheric pressure and remains closed as long asthe injector is working.

'So far as I have now described the injector, it may be employed for all purposes for which such apparatus is designed, yet its efficiency is very materially enhanced, especially when working against high pressure, by the combination therewith of what I terni the auxiliary injector,77 which consists of a casing, H, provided with a iiange, H', for connecting` it witb the injector proper, and a tlange, H2, for coilnecting it with the boiler-pipe to convey the iiuid away. The casing is further provided with a junction-pipe, h, to admit live steam to the combining and discharging` cones K K', said steam passing through a two-way cock, M, fitted in suitable bushings of said casing, and thence through the passage h formed in the casing, Figs. 1, 4, and 6, to the chamber h2 formedv around a receiving-cone, I, and from said chamber, and surrounding the jet, the live steam passes into the combining-cone K, where it combines with it. The dischargingcone K', of one piece with the combining-cone K, carries on projections the ring or facing for the stop-valve L, to prevent the return ot' the uid. Between the ring for the valve-facing and the end ofthe discharging-cone K' are spaces forming a chamber, k,Figs.\1 and 5, that serves as an outlet or overiiow for the iiuid when starting the injector, which fluid passes out through the two-way cock M, with which said chamber communicates when the injector is started, the passages in said cock being so arunder some circumstances this valve is almost indispensable.

When the valve is dispensed with I prefer the construction of auxiliaryinjector shown in Fig. 6, in which the discharging-cone O of the injector proper is extended into the combining cone of the auxiliary injector, the chamber around said cone being formed by a sleeve, N, interposed between the two injectors,through which said cone passes and within which itis fitted steam-tight, but capable of motion for adjustment relatively to the combining-cones D K.

From what has been said above, it will be seen that although the apparatus is especially designed to serve the purposes of an injector it may be employed for other purposes, as for elevating and injecting liquids, or for ejectin g liquids or uids, and for which latter purpose the invention is applicable to that apparatus known as the injector-condenser77 fori'orming a partial vacuum in steam-cylinders.

Having fully described my invention, what I desire to claim, and secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an injector for steam-engines, a sealed overiiow-branch, substantially as and t'orthe purposes specified.

2. In an injector for steam-engines, an overiiow-pipe constructed to form a water seal or luting ator near its outlet-orifice, substantially as described, for the purpose specitied.

3. In an injector for steam-engines. the com bination ot' a-iiap-valve and a water luting or seal with the overflow-pipe, for the purposes set forth.

4. In an injector forsteam-engines, the combination ofthe casing, the combining and discharging cones, and a sealed overflow-branch, to form an air-tight chamber between the discharging and combining cones when the injector is working, for the purposes specified.

5. In an injector for steam-engines, a'sectional combining-cone adapted to be automatically expanded by and proportionally to the pressure of the Huid passing through it, and to contract automatically and proportionally to and with the diminution of said pressure, for the purposes specified.

6. In an injector for steam-engines, a sec-i projection d4, the sections d d' ot' the combining-cone D, the latter section being provided with lugs or ears d3, substantially as and for the purpose specified. l

l9. The combination of the casing A, the sections d' d of the combining-cone D, the latter section having an annular threaded sleeve, d5, the receiving-cone O, the discharging-cone E, the spindle C, and means, substantially as described, for adjusting the combining and receiving cones independently ot' the spindle and discharging-cone, all constructed and operating substantially as and i'or the purpose specified.

l0. The combination, with an injector provided with a sealed overflow-branch, of an ejector, the overflow-branch of which is provided with a stop-cock for closing it when the injector and ejector are at work, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

1l. The combination, with an injector and an auxiliary injector, oi' a check-valve interposed between the two, for the purpose set forth.

12. In an injector-ej ector, the combination ot' the injector provided with a sealed overflowbranch, and the ejector provided with means IOO 105 8. The combination of the casingA, havingl IIO for closing" its overflow-branch when the injector is at work, with a cheek-valve interposed between said injector an d ejector, substantially as and for the purpose specied.

13. The combination ot' the casing H, having steam-passage h', the two-way cook M, the receiving, combining, and discharging' cones 1 K K', the overflow-chamber k, and the valve L, all arranged, constructed, and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

14. In a combined injector-ejector, the conibination, with the combining-cones D K K', of an intermediate discharging-cone extending from one combining-cone into the other, as and for the purpose specified.

EDWARD DAVIEs.

Witnesses:

PETER J. LINsEY, J AMES Wool). 

